RBSE IMPORTANT POINTS AND QUESTIONS - 3

Chapter No. 7

Pride of Rajasthan

Important Points

1. The great men, heroes of people, folk deities and Social reformers of Rajasthan showed a new way to the people.

2. Bappa Rawal established an independent state in Chittor and enhanced the prestige of the state by leaps and bounds. Under the leadership of Bappa Rawal, there was a vigorous collision between the army of joint union including Pratihara Nagabhata-I, Ajayraja- the king of Sambhar and Ajmer, Dhawal of Hadoti, Devraj Bhati- the ruler of Mewar (Jaisalmer) and Dahir-the king of Sindh, and the Khalifah power of Arab. Muhammad Bin Qasim was also defeated. Getting Sindh liberated, this army gained victory up to the region of Iran, Iraq and Khurasan.

3. Prithviraj Chauhan defeated Muhammad Ghori in first battle of Tarain(1191 AD). In Second battle of Tarain(1192 AD) Prithviraj was defeated.

4. There was a battle between Rao Maldeo of Jodhpur and Sher Shah Suri in 1544 in which Sher Shah Suri, the Afghan emperor got victory with great difficulty. After the battle Sher Shah Suri said that- 'For the sake of one handful of Millet, I would have lost the kingdom of India'.

5. Maharana Sanga (1509-1528 AD) : After Maharana Kumbha, Maharana Sangrarn Singh, who is famous by the name of Maharana Sanga, became the most important ruler of Mewar. Maharana Sanga organized all the Rajput states under his leadership to safeguard them from the foreign invasions. In the year 1517, Battle of Khatauli was fought between Ibrahim Lodhi, the Sultan of Delhi and Sanga, in which Sultan was defeated very badly. In the First Battle of Panipat, Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodhi and established his control on Delhi Sultanate. Even after receiving 80 injuries on his body and one hand and one foot being wounded in the war, Maharana's body was as strong as an elephant.  In the year 1527, Battle of Khanwa took place between Babur and Rana Sanga. Sanga was defeated.

6. Veer Durga Das Rathore great patriot was born in 1638 AD to Askaran, a minister of Maharaja Jaswant Singh of Marwar(Jodhpur). Durgadas Rathore (1638 –1718) is a famous personality in the annals of Marwar. He is credited with having single-handedly preserved the rule of the Rathore dynasty over Marwar (Jodhpur) after the death of Maharaja Jaswant Singh in the 17th century. Saved infant prince Ajit Singh from Aurangzeb’s clinch

7. Maharaja Surajmal established a powerful state in Bharatpur in the middle of Mughal empire. Due to political skills and sharp brain, he is also called the 'Plato of the Jaats'.

8. Govind Guru organized the Samp Sabha in the Bagar region(Dungarpur, Banswara), of Rajasthan to organize the Bheel community for social perspectives and to bring them into the main stream.

9. Meera Bai was a famous devotee of Lord Krishna. Mira Bai was married to Bhojraj, the son of Maharana Sanga.  

10. Kali Bai, a Bheel girl, sacrificed her life in Dungarpur to defend her teacher from the British rulers.

11. The name Panna Dhai has been a symbol of maternal affection, scarifice, courage and affection towards children. She sacrificed her son to protect Udai Singh the future successor of Mewar.

12. Amrita Devi of Khejarli village in Jodhpur sacrificed her lives along with her three daughters to protect trees.

Folk Deities

13. Those great men who sacrificed their lives to defend religion, land and cow, are regarded as the folk deities of common men,

14. The chief folk deities of common men are-

(a)Tejaji- The protector of cows

(b) Gogaji- He is an eminent warrior-hero of the region. Hindus and Muslims alike honor him. He is also venerated as a saint and even as 'snake-god'.

 (c)Pabuji-  He lived in the 14th century in Rajasthan. Pabuji is worshipped in the form of folk deity. 

(d) Ram Devji- Among folk deities, Ramdevji is also very popular. Baba Ramdevji became famous as a prophet saint, warrior, magician, scrupulous, protector of public and protector of cows. Opposing the caste system, he gave the message of social harmony. Riding a horse, with a necklace in one hand and spear in the other hand of Baba Rambev is the symbol of power and devotion.

 (e)Dev Narayanji- Devnarayan was a brave warrior who waged many struggles and battles against cruel rulers. Gurjars  caste started worshipping as their favourite deity.

(f) Jambho ji was the founder of Bishnoi community.

(g) Jasnathji established the Jasnathi community. Jasnath demonstrated the 36 rules of his community. At the time of Jagran in the night, fire dance is a major characteristic of Jasnathi community.

Questions

1. Bapa Rawal was the ruler of ?

Ans. Bapa Rawal was the ruler of the Guhilot Dynasty and founder of the Mewar Dynasty of Chittorgarh.

2. When was the Second Battle of Tarain fought ?

Ans. Second Battle of Tarain was fought in the year 1192 between Muhammad Ghori and Prithviraj Chauhan, Chauhan was defeated

3. Where was the battle fought between Maharana Sanga and Babur?

Ans. Battle of Khanwa was fought between Maharana Sanga and Babur

4. Which organisation did Govind Guru establish?

Ans. Samp Sabha

5. What was the name of the mare of Pabuji ?

Ans. Keasr Kalawi

6. Where did Veer Durga Das spend his last days?

Ans. Veer Durga Das spend his last days at the banks of Shipra at Ujjain

7. What was the resident place of Amrita Devi ?

Ans. Khejarli of Khejadli village in Jodhpur district of Rajasthan, India

8. Mention the birth place of Ram Dev ji, a famous folk diety.

Ans. Pokran, Jaisalmer, Rajasthan

9. Which sect was founded by Acharya Bhikshu ?

Ans. Acharya Bhikshu (1726-1803) was the founder and first spiritual head of the Svetambar Terapanth sect of Jainism

10. Where did Maharaja Surajmal rule ?

Ans. Maharaja Surajmal established a powerful state in Bharatpur in the middle of Mughal empire.

Chapter No. 8

Political Development in India

Important Points

1. Since ancient times, India has been a political, social and cultural unit where many great emperors had laid the foundation of great empires.

2. In ancient India, many great texts were written, such as Manu Smriti by Manu, Sukraniti by Sukra and Arthashastra by Kautilya, in which the ideals to manage an organized society are mentioned.

3. During British rule, India was mainly divided into two parts: British India Princely states governed by the Indian rulers. British India was under the direct rule of the Britishers, while the Princely states were governed by the local rulers for name sake only.

4. After independence, Sardar ValIabhbhai Patel played the most important role in national integration. Due to his efforts, the merger of Jammu and Kashmir in India could be made possible.

5. The state of Hyderabad was merged in India by military action, while Junagarh was merged in India by referendum.

6. In 1954, Pondicherry was made free from the possession of France and in 1961, Goa from

Portuguese.

7. When India got independence, there were 19 states, 3 sub-divisions and 1 region under chief commissioner in Rajasthan. Integration of Rajasthan was completed on November 1, 1956 in seven steps.

Questions

1. Who is the writer of Arthashastra ?

Ans. Kautilya

2. How many states were there in India, when it got independence?

Ans. 562

3. How many states were there in Rajasthan at the time of Independence?

Ans. 19 states

4. When did Goa merge into India?

Ans. Liberated from the Portuguese on March 20, 1962

5. Whose possession was on Pondicherry?

Ans. Possession of Pondicherry was under France

6. Who was the king of Kashmir at the time of independence ?

Ans. Maharaja Hari Singh

7. When was Hyderabad merged into India ?

Ans. September 1948

8. Who was the President of the State Reorganization Commission?

Ans. Retired Chief Justice of Supreme Court Fazal Ali

9. Which was the first state formed on the basis of language?

Ans. In 1953, the first linguistic State came into being as Andhra Pradesh

Chapter No. 9

Constitution of India

Important Points

1 . East India Company, which was formed in 1600 AD for trading, gradually started to interrupt in the political affairs of India. After the Battle of Plassey in 1757 AD and the Battle of Buxar in 1764 AD, a large part of India went under the control of this company and the question that aroused in front of the company was that through which laws must it rule over India? Since a long time, the British Parliament used to form laws for the government, such as-Regulating Act1773, Pitts India Act1784, Government of India Act of 1833, Government of India Act of 1909, Government of India Act of 1919 and Act of 1935, etc.

2. By the provisions of the Cabinet Mission, a Constitutent Assembly was formed in July 1946. The Assembly held its first meeting on 9 December, 1946. Dr. Rajendra Prasad was the President of Constituent Assembly.

3. Among the different committees formed to frame the Indian Constitution, the most important committee was the Drafting Committee. Its Chairment was Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar. He is regarded as the Father of the Indian Constitution because of his prominent role in drafting the Indian Constitution.

4. The Constitution of India is the lengthiest constitution in the world. At present, it has 12 schedules, 22 parts and 395 articles

5. The Constitution of India declares the country as a federal and democratic republic.

6. The Indian Constitution grants and guarantees six  Fundamental Rights to its citizens. These are Right to Equality, Right to Freedom, Right against Exploitation, Cultural and Educational Right, Right to Constitutional Remedies and Right to Freedom of Religion

7. The Directive Principles are instructions of moral duty to the state. The aim to establish these principles is the social and economic welfare of the people through welfare state

8. 42nd Amendment of the Constitution of India, 1976 laid down 11 Fundamental Duties of the citizens of India towards the nation.

Questions

1. By which plan, the Indian Constitution was framed?

Ans. It was implemented under the Cabinet Mission Plan on 16 May 1946

2. When was the first meeting of the constituent assembly held?

Ans. The Constituent Assembly (elected for an undivided India) met for the first time on 9 December 1946

3. When was the Indian Constitution adopted?

Ans. Indian Constitution was adopted on 26 January 1950

4. How many Fundamental Rights are given to the Indian Citizens?

Ans. Six Fundamental Rights are given to the Indian Citizens

5. Which article describes the uniform citizenship?

Ans. Article 44 describes the uniform citizenship

6. How much time did it take in the framing of the Indian Constitution?

Ans. The Assembly met in session open to the public, for 166 days, spread over a period of 2 years 11 months and 18 days

7. How many members were there in the Constituent Assembly?

Ans. The Constituent Assembly had 299 representatives, including nine women

8. What did Dr. Ambedkar call the Right to Constitutional Remedies?

Ans. Dr. Ambedkar call the Right to Constitutional Remedies as the ‘Heart and Soul of the Indian Constitution’.

9. Where were the Fundamental Duties included in the Constitution ?

Ans. The Forty Second Constitution Amendment Act, 1976 has incorporated ten Fundamental Duties.

10. How many articles are there in the Indian Constitution?

Ans. At present it has 12 schedules, 22 parts and 395 articles